From Mutual Destruction to Planetary Defence

Rethinking Nuclear Technology for the Survival of Humanity

The Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs were founded on a sobering realization: humanity had reached a point where its own inventions could erase civilization itself. Guided by the principles of the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, scientists, thinkers, and statesmen came together to prevent nuclear weapons from becoming the final chapter of the…